Geography Chapter 05: Human Resources

It is people with their demands and abilities that turn them into resources. Hence, human resource is the ultimate resource. The way in which people are spread across the earth surface is known as the pattern of population distribution.

Population density is the number of people living in a unit area of the earth’s surface. It is normally expressed as per square km. The population change refers to change in the number of people during a specific time.

Births are usually measured using the birth rate i.e. the number of live births per 1,000 people. Deaths are usually measured using the death rate i.e. the number of deaths per 1,000 people. Migrations is the movement of people in and out of an area. Births and deaths are the natural causes of population change. The difference between the birth rate and the death rate of a country is called the natural growth rate.

The composition of population helps us to know how many are males or females, which age group they belong to, how educated they are and what type of occupations they are employed in, what their income levels and health conditions are.