The correct answer is Gravitational constant.

CONCEPT:

• Newton's law of Gravitation: It states that everybody in this universe attracts every other body with a force, which is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the squared of the distance between their centers.
  • The direction of the force is along the line joining the particles.

The magnitude of the gravitational force F is given by:

\(F = G\frac{{{M_1}{M_2}}}{{{R^2}}}\)

Where G = universal gravitational constant, M1 = mass of 1st body, M2 = mass of 2nd body, and R = distance between the two bodies.

EXPLANATION:

• The dimensional formula is defined as the expression of the physical quantity in terms of mass, length, time, and ampere.

The above equation can be written as,

\(G = \frac{{F \times {R^2}}}{{{M_1}{M_2}}}\)

Now,

Force = mass × acceleration

∴ Dimensional formula of force (F) = [M] × [LT-2] = [MLT-2]

Dimensional formula of radius (R2) = [L2]

Dimensional formula of mass (M) = [M]

Dimensional formula of universal gravitational constant (G)

\(G = \frac{{ML{T^{ - 2}} \times {L^2}}}{{{M^2}}} = \frac{{M{L^3}{T^{ - 2}}}}{{{M^2}}} = {M^{ - 1}}{L^3}{T^{ - 2}}\)

∴ The dimensional formula of universal gravitational constant G is [M-1L3T-2].

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